FI Accounts Receivable and Accounts Payable | SAP FI PDF manual

The following topics are an introduction to the Accounts Receivable and Accounts Payable application components.

The Accounts Payable application component records and manages accounting data for all vendors. It is also an integral part of the purchasing system: Deliveries and invoices are managed according to vendors. The system automatically triggers postings in response to the operative transactions. In the same way, the system supplies the Cash Management application component with figures from invoices in order to optimize liquidity planning.

Payables are paid with the payment program. The payment program supports all standard payment methods (such as checks and transfers) in printed form as well as in electronic form (data medium exchange on disk and electronic data interchange). This program also covers country-specific payment methods.

If necessary, dunning notices can be created for outstanding receivables (for example, to receive payment for a credit memo). The dunning program supports this function.

Postings made in Accounts Payable are simultaneously recorded in the General Ledger where different G/L accounts are updated based on the transaction involved (payables and down payments, for example). The system contains due date forecasts and other standard reports that you can use to help you monitor open items.

You can design balance confirmations, account statements, and other forms of reports to suit your requirements in business correspondence with vendors. There are balance lists, journals, balance audit trails, and other internal evaluations available for documenting transactions in Accounts Payable.

The Accounts Receivable application component records and manages accounting data of all customers. It is also an integral part of sales management.

All postings in Accounts Receivable are also recorded directly in the General Ledger. Different G/L accounts are updated depending on the transaction involved (for example, receivables, down payments, and bills of exchange). The system contains a range of tools that you can use to monitor open items, such as account analyses, alarm reports, due date lists, and a flexible dunning program. The correspondence linked to these tools can be individually formulated to suit your requirements. This is also the case for payment notices, balance confirmations, account statements, and interest calculations. Incoming payments can be assigned to due receivables using user-friendly screen functions or by electronic means, such as EDI.

The payment program can automatically carry out direct debiting and down payments.

There are a range of tools available for documenting the transactions that occur in Accounts Receivable, including balance lists, journals, balance audit trails, and other standard reports. When drawing up financial statements, the items in foreign currency are revalued, customers who are also vendors are listed, and the balances on the accounts are sorted by remaining life.

Accounts Receivable is not merely one of the branches of accounting that forms the basis of adequate and orderly accounting. It also provides the data required for effective credit management, (as a result of its close integration with the Sales and Distribution component), as well as important information for the optimization of liquidity planning, (through its link to Cash Management).

Contents of this SAP FI tutorial

FI Accounts Receivable and Accounts Payable ....................................................... 18
FI - Accounts Receivable and Accounts Payable .................19
Introduction to Accounts Receivable and Accounts Payable...............................................................20
Accounts Receivable and Accounts Payable: Overview .....21
Current Settings and the Implementation Guide ..................22
Maintaining Current Settings.................................................23
Configuring the System Using the Implementation Guide ....24
Calling Up the SAP Reference IMG.................................25
Searching for Activities in the SAP Reference IMG.........26
Customer Master Data .............................................................27
Basic Functions of Customer Master Records .....................29
Customer............30
Defining an Account Group...................................................31
Numbering Master Records ..................................................32
Defining Screen Variants ......................................................33
Defining Reconciliation Accounts..........................................38
Special Functions in the Customer Master Record...............40
Defining an Alternative Dunning Recipient ......................41
Defining an Alternative Payer ..........................................42
Identifying Affiliated Companies ......................................43
Defining Clearing Between Customer and Vendor..........44
Defining the Group to Which the Company Belongs .......45
Accounts Receivable Pledging ........................................46
Customer Master48
Access Authorization for Customer Master Records...........50
Creating a Customer Master Record......................................51
Creating a Customer Master Record Centrally.....................53
Creating a Customer Master Record for a Company Code..54
Creating a Customer Master Record Using a Reference .....55
Features of Customer Master Record Creation....................57
Entering Bank Details ......................................................58
Entering Payment Methods..............................................60
Entering a Dunning Procedure.........................................61
Classifying Customers .....................................................62
Entering Texts for a Customer.........................................63
Assigning Documents to a Customer ..............................64
One-Time Accounts .............................................................65
Setting Up Head Office and Branch Accounts ......................67
Displaying a Customer Master Record ..................................69
Changing a Customer Master Record....................................70
Changing a Customer Master Record Centrally ...................72
Changing a Customer Master Record for Accounting ..........73
Displaying Changes to Customer Master Records...............74
Dual Control for Changing Master Records ..........................76

Confirm or Refuse Master Record Changes.........................77
Requesting a Master Data Change in the Intranet/Internet (AC)............................................................78
Processing Request Forms .............................................81
Processing a Request in the SAP System.......................84
Processing Notifications .............................................85
Process Notification...............................................86
Processing Notifications Using Worklist................88
Task Processing .........................................................89
Processing Tasks Using Worklist ..........................90
Processing Tasks Using Workflow........................91
Status Query For Request ...............................................92
Blocking a Customer Account................................................93
Blocking a Customer Account Centrally................................95
Blocking a Customer Account for Posting.............................96
Blocking a Customer Account for Payments and Dunning Notices ........................................................97
Archiving and Deleting a Customer Master Record .............98
Marking a Master Record for Deletion Centrally.................100
Marking a Master Record for Deletion for Accounting ........101
Vendor Master Data...............................................................102
Vendor Master Records: Environment.................................103
What Data is Contained in the Vendor Master Record?.....104
How is the Data Organized? ...............................................105
What is the Function of the Account Group? ......................106
How are Master Records Numbered? ................................107
Screen Layout for Vendor Master Records.........................108
Field Status Definition: Vendor Master Records............109
Field Status Definition for Activities: Vendor Master Records .........................................................112
Field Status Definition for Company Codes: Vendor Master Records ............................................113
Linking Field Status Definitions......................................114
Functions of the Reconciliation Account: Vendor Master Records.......................................................115
Access Authorization..........................................................116
Special Fields in Vendor Master Records...........................117
Search Term: Vendor Master Records ..........................118
Alternative Payee..........................................................119
Affiliated Companies: Vendor Master Records..............120
Clearing Between a Customer and Vendor ...................121
Group: Vendor Master Records.....................................122
Assigning Master Records to Accounting Clerks...........123
Functions for Maintaining Vendor Master Data ..................124
Selecting Screens to Display Vendor Master Data.............125
Additional Functions for Maintaining Vendor Master Data..126
Creating a Vendor Master Record: Overview......................128
Creating a Vendor Master Record Using a Reference .......129
Creating a Vendor Master Record Centrally.......................131
Creating a Vendor Master Record for a Company Code....133
Special Features in Data Entry ...........................................134
Entering Bank Details ....................................................135
Entering a Payment Method ..........................................136

Entering a Dunning Procedure.......................................137
Entering Text.................................................................138
Assigning Documents ....................................................139
Classifying Vendors .......................................................140
Head Office and Branch Accounts......................................141
Creating One-Time Accounts..............................................143
Displaying a Vendor Master Record.....................................145
Changing a Vendor Master Record ......................................147
Changing a Vendor Master Record Centrally .....................149
Changing a Vendor Master Record for Accounting ............150
Displaying Changes to Vendor Master Records .................151
Dual Control for Changing Master Records ........................153
Confirm or Refuse Master Record Changes.......................154
Requesting a Master Data Change in the Intranet/Internet (AC)..........................................................155
Processing Request Forms ...........................................158
Processing a Request in the SAP System.....................161
Processing Notifications ...........................................162
Process Notification.............................................163
Processing Notifications Using Worklist..............165
Task Processing .......................................................166
Processing Tasks Using Worklist ........................167
Processing Tasks Using Workflow......................168
Status Query For Request .............................................169
Blocking a Vendor Account ..................................................170
Blocking a Vendor Account Centrally..................................171
Blocking a Vendor Account for Posting...............................172
Blocking a Vendor Account for Payments...........................173
Archiving and Deleting Vendor Master Records.................174
Marking a Master Record for Deletion Centrally.................175
Marking a Master Record for Deletion for Accounting ........176
Automatic Transfer of Vendor Master Data .........................177
Business Partner Master Data (LO-MD-BP).........................178
Business Partners.................................................................181
Business Partner Master Data Structure .............................182
Account Groups .................................................................185
Number Assignment...........................................................186
Partner Functions...............................................................188
Contact Persons.................................................................191
Consumers.......192
One-Time Customers and One-Time Vendors ...................194
Common Sales and Distribution Master Data.....................196
Creating and Changing Business Partner Master Data .....197
Blocking Activities with Business Partners ........................200
Setting a Payment Block .....................................................202
Setting a Posting, Sales and Distribution, or Purchasing Block............................................................203
Setting a Purchasing Block for Sites and Vendor Sub-Ranges............................................................205
Setting a Block for Quality Reasons ...................................206
Account Balances and Line Items........................................207

Account Balances .................................................................208
Displaying Account Balances..............................................209
Displaying Line Items in Account Balances ........................210
Options for Displaying Account Balances ...........................211
Line Item Display.212
Line Item Display with the SAP List Viewer (ALV)..............214
Displaying Account Line Items.......................................215
Functions in the Line Item Display.................................217
Displaying the Document for a Line Item..................220
Displaying Account Master Data ..............................221
Classic Line Item Display....................................................222
Displaying Account Line Items.......................................223
Editing Selection Criteria ..........................................225
Noting Selection Criteria...........................................226
Functions in the Line Item Display.................................227
Displaying the Document for a Line Item..................229
Searching for Line Items...........................................230
Sorting Line Items.....................................................232
Changing the Sort Sequence ..............................233
Creating Totals for Line Items ..................................236
Totals Variants.....................................................238
Changing the Line Layout.........................................240
Line Layout Variants............................................241
Adding Additional Fields ...........................................243
Displaying List Levels ...............................................244
Selecting Currencies.................................................245
Displaying Account Master Data ..............................246
Displaying Totals Sheets ..........................................247
Account Analysis for Customers..........................................248
Days in Arrears: Customers................................................249
Displaying Line Items: Customers ......................................251
Net/Cash Discount Overview: Customers...........................252
Displaying Payment History: Customers.............................253
Displaying Credit Limit: Customers.....................................254
Simulating Payment History: Customers ............................255
Displaying Line Items via the Internet..................................256
Displaying Account Balances via the Internet ....................257
Posting Business Transactions in Accounts Receivable ..258
Entering Business Transactions in Accounts Receivable.259
Posting Documents in Accounts Receivable ......................260
Parking Invoices/Credit Memos - Enjoy Transaction ..........261
Invoice/Credit Memo Parking - Enjoy Transaction.........264
Posting Parked Invoices/Credit Memos - Enjoy Transaction...........................................................265
Creating Screen Variants - Enjoy Transaction...............266
Entering Invoices/Credit Memos - Enjoy Transaction.........267
Invoice/Credit Memo Entry - Enjoy Transaction ............271
Entering Customer Account Line Items ..............................273

Special G/L Indicators (Accounts Receivable)...............274
Output Tax in Customer Line Items ...............................275
Terms of Payment (Accounts Receivable) ....................278
Terms of Payment for Installment Payments (Accounts Receivable)..............................................280
Posting Installment Payments: Example (Accounts Receivable)...............................................281
Payment Control Data....................................................282
Dunning Data ................................................................283
Additional Data for Customer Line Items.......................284
Entering G/L Account Line Items (Accounts Receivable) ...285
Tax with Jurisdiction Code.............................................286
Entering Tax with Jurisdiction Code (Accounts Receivable) ......................................................287
Additional Account Assignments (Accounts Receivable) ................................................................289
Additional Data for G/L Account Line Items (Accounts Receivable)................................................290
Posting Credit Memos (Accounts Receivable)....................291
Entering Payment Requests (Accounts Receivable) ..........292
Posting Documents in Foreign Currency (Accounts Receivable) .........................................................293
Carrying Out Transfer Postings (Accounts Receivable) .....294
Cross-Company Code Invoice Posting (Debit Side): Example.............................................................295
Special Features of One-Time Accounts (Accounts Receivable) .........................................................297
Posting Business Transactions in Accounts Payable .......298
Posting Business Transactions in Accounts Payable .......299
Parking Invoices/Credit Memos - Enjoy Transaction ..........300
Invoice/Credit Memo Parking - Enjoy Transaction.........303
Posting Parked Invoices/Credit Memos - Enjoy Transaction...........................................................304
Creating Screen Variants - Enjoy Transaction...............305
Entering Invoices/Credit Memos - Enjoy Transaction.........306
Invoice/Credit Memo Entry - Enjoy Transaction ............310
Entering Line Items for Business Transactions in Accounts Payable...................................................312
Entering Vendor Account Line Items .............................313
Special G/L Indicators (Accounts Payable) ..............314
Input Tax in Vendor Line Items.................................315
Withholding Tax (Accounts Payable)........................318
Terms of Payment (Accounts Payable) ....................319
Terms of Payment for Installment Payments (Accounts Payable)........................................321
Payment Control Data (Accounts Payable) ..............323
Additional Data for Vendor Line Items......................324
Entering G/L Account Line Items (Accounts Payable)...325
Tax with Jurisdiction Code........................................326
Entering Tax with Jurisdiction Code (Accounts Payable)......................................................327
Additional Account Assignments (Accounts Payable)................................................................329
Business Area (Accounts Payable) ..........................330
Additional Data for G/L Account Line Items (Accounts Payable) ...............................................331
Posting Documents in Accounts Payable......................332
Posting Invoices Net (Accounts Payable)......................333
Posting Credit Memos (Accounts Payable) ...................335
Entering Payment Requests (Accounts Payable)..........336

Posting Documents in Foreign Currency (Accounts Payable).........................................................338
Special Features of One-Time Accounts (Accounts Payable).........................................................339
Fast Entry of Invoices and Credit Memos......................340
Fast Entry of Invoices and Credit Memos.................341
Special Features of Fast Entry (Switzerland) ...........343
Carrying Out Transfer Postings (Accounts Payable).....344
Cross-Company Code Invoice Posting (Credit Side): Example............................................................345
Reversal................347
Negative Postings .................................................................348
Reversing Documents ...........................................................351
Posting (FI)...........352
Document.............353
Document Header ..............................................................355
Entering Document Headers..........................................356
Line Items.........358
Editing Line Items ..........................................................359
Generating Line Items Automatically .............................360
Adding Details to Automatically Generated Line Items ..............................................................361
Document Types ................................................................362
Differentiating Between Business Transactions Using the Document Type ...................................364
Defining Authorizations for Document Types ................366
Defining the Document Type for the Vendor Net Procedure ...........................................................367
Document Types for Postings to Affiliated Companies .368
Document Number Assignment ..........................................369
Validity Period for the Document Number Interval.........371
Defining Number Ranges...............................................372
Defining Number Ranges for Recurring Entry and Sample Documents .........................................374
Changing and Deleting Number Ranges .......................375
Organizing Document Storage............................................376
Controlling Document Storage Using the Document Type .378
Document Entry380
Default Values in Document Entry.................................381
Editing Options - Enjoy Transactions.............................382
Editing Options..............................................................384
Holding and Setting Data...............................................385
Fast Entry of G/L Account Line Items ............................386
Control Functions for Entering and Posting Documents387
Displaying Control Totals..........................................389
Entering Totals ....................................................390
Entering Opening Balances.................................391
Holding Documents.......................................................392
Completing Held Documents....................................393
Deleting Held Documents.........................................394
Simulating Documents ...................................................395
Parking Documents.......................................................397
Document Parking ....................................................399

Displaying Parked Documents .................................401
Displaying Changes to Parked Documents.........402
Posting Parked Documents ......................................403
Parking Documents ..................................................404
Changing Parked Documents...................................405
Deleting Parked Documents.....................................407
Document Release ...................................................408
Document Release: Settings in Customizing ......410
The Document Parking Process with Document Release: Example ....................................412
Amount Release ..................................................413
Account Assignment Approval ............................414
Completing the Entries in a Document Using Workflow.............................................................415
Workflow Settings for Completing Parked Documents .........................................................416
Document Parking and Release with Workflow........417
Displaying Documents ........................................................419
Document Overview......................................................421
Line Layout Variants ......................................................422
Line Item Display...........................................................424
Line Layout Variants for the Line Item Display.........426
Totals Variants.........................................................428
Fields for Selecting, Sorting, and Searching ............430
Sort Sequence ..........................................................431
Changing Documents.........................................................434
Defining Document Change Rules ................................436
Changing Documents ....................................................438
Mass Changes to Line Items .........................................439
Archiving Documents ..........................................................441
Posting Key..........442
Processing Posted Data ........................................................444
Updating Entered Data..........................................................445
Automatic Postings...............................................................446
What Can You Do Before Posting a Document?.................447
Screen Layout......448
Screen Layout Using the Posting Key ................................449
Using Field Status Definitions for Screen Layout................451
Defining Field Status......................................................453
Linking Field Status Definitions ................................455
Recommendations for Defining Field Status ............457
Reference Methods for Posting ............................................458
Posting with Reference Documents....................................459
Posting with Account Assignment Models ..........................460
Account Assignment Models..........................................461
Creating or Changing Account Assignment Models ......462
Using Account Assignment Models for Document Entry .................................................................464
Posting with Sample Documents ........................................465
Entering Sample Documents .........................................466

Displaying Sample Documents......................................467
Changing Sample Documents .......................................468
Deleting Sample Documents .........................................469
Posting with a Sample Document..................................470
Recurring Entries ...............................................................471
Recurring Entries Process Flow.....................................472
Entering and Posting Recurring Documents..................473
Displaying Recurring Entry Documents .........................474
Changing Recurring Entry Documents ..........................475
Deleting Recurring Entry Documents ............................476
Carrying Out Recurring Entries......................................477
Processing Batch Input Sessions Manually...................478
Evaluating Recurring Entry Documents.........................479
Posting Documents in Foreign Currency ............................480
Translating Foreign Currency..............................................482
Cross-Company Code Transactions ....................................483
Prerequisites for Cross-Company Code Transactions .......485
Clearing Accounts for Cross-Company Code Transactions .................................................................486
Clearing Account for Cross-Company Code Transactions: Example..............................................487
Displaying Cross-Company Code Transactions .................488
Changing Cross-Company Code Transactions ..................489
Reversing Cross-Company Code Transactions..................490
Paying by Payment Card .......................................................491
Posting Method ...492
Line Item and Document Display..........................................493
Billing....................494
Settlement ........495
Repeat Settlement .............................................................496
Resetting Cleared Items with Payment Card Information..497
Clearing ................499
Clearing Functions in the General Ledger...........................501
Clearing Functions in Accounts Payable ............................502
Clearing Functions in Accounts Receivable .......................503
The Clearing Program...........................................................505
Prerequisites for Clearing....................................................507
Open Item Management ................................................508
Selection Criteria for Running the Program...................510
Posting with Clearing ..........................................................511
Manual Account Clearing....................................................513
Running the Clearing Program ...........................................515
Clearing Transactions...........................................................516
Transaction for Account Clearing........................................517
Transactions for Posting with Clearing ...............................519
Self-Defined Clearing Transactions ....................................522
Changing Clearing Transactions.........................................523
Clearing Postings ...............................................................524
Clearing Document .............................................................525
The Clearing Process............................................................526

Entering Document Headers for Clearing Transactions .....528
Entering Line Items .............................................................529
Selecting Open Items.........................................................530
Searching for Open Items ...................................................532
Clearing Between a Customer and Vendor ........................533
Fast Assignment of Open Items (R/3).................................534
Assigning Open Items via the Internet ................................535
Assigning Open Items via the Internet...........................538
Editing Internet Assignments in the SAP System..........539
Processing Open Items.......................................................540
Processing Open Items with Commands.......................541
Processing Open Items with Menus or Function Keys ..543
Processing Open Items with the Mouse ........................544
Setting Editing Options (Open Items) ............................545
Displaying Open Items ........................................................546
Editing the Open Item Display.............................................547
Changing the Line Layout (Open Items)........................548
Changing the Line Layout (Open items)........................549
Searching for Open Items..............................................550
Searching for Amounts ..................................................551
Overview of Cleared Accounts.......................................552
Displaying Account Names............................................553
Processing Open Items According to the Payment Advice Note.....................................................554
Distributing the Clearing Amount by Age.......................556
Sorting Open Items ........................................................558
Switching Between Gross and Net Amount...................559
Switching Between Foreign and Local Currency...........560
Posting Partial Payments...............................................561
Posting Residual Items ..................................................562
Noting Open Items as Payment Advice Notes....................563
Correcting Errors................................................................564
Payment Differences.............................................................565
Differences Within Tolerance Limits ...................................567
Differences Exceeding Tolerance Limits.............................569
Reason Codes .570
Explaining Differences ........................................................572
Automatic Posting for Clearing Transactions.....................573
Gains or Losses from Under/Overpayments.......................574
Bank Charges...575
Bank Direct Debit ...............................................................576
Automatic Clearing.............................................................577
Bank Subaccounts ................................................................578
Posting Checks Received: Example ...................................580
Specifications for Processing Open Items..........................581
Fields for the Selection, Search, and Sort Functions..........583
Standard Sort Sequence.....................................................584
Line Layout (Open items)....................................................585
Cross-Company Code Clearing ............................................588

Cross-Company Code Clearing: Example ..........................589
Clearing Open Items in Foreign Currency...........................590
Translation of All Amounts into Local Currency..................592
Using Historical Values in Local Currency..........................593
Clearing Open Items with a Future Posting Date: Example.................................................................594
Outgoing Payments with Printed Forms..............................595
Clearing Open Items and Printing Payment Media.............596
Printing Checks for Cleared Items ......................................597
Clearing Accounts.................................................................598
Resetting Clearing.................................................................599
Payment Advice Notes..........................................................600
Requirements for Using Payment Advice Notes.................601
Types of Payment Advice Note.............................................602
Creating Payment Advice Notes...........................................603
Changing Payment Advice Notes.........................................605
Displaying Payment Advice Notes .......................................606
Deleting Payment Advice Notes ...........................................607
Reorganizing Payment Advice Notes...................................608
Interest Calculation ...............................................................609
Introduction to Interest Calculation .....................................610
The Interest Calculation Process..........................................611
Master Record Fields for Interest Calculation.....................613
Blocking Items.....614
Executing the Interest Calculation Program .......................615
Dunning................617
Individual Dunning Notices ...................................................619
Dunning Process.620
Settings for Dunning: Overview ...........................................622
Creating Dunning Proposals.................................................625
Setting Dunning Parameters...............................................627
Creating Dunning Proposals ...............................................630
Determining the Accounts and Items to be Dunned ...........631
Determining Dunning Levels ...............................................633
Effect of Minimum Amounts and Percentage Rates on Dunning Levels ..............................................635
Dunning Procedure .............................................................636
Dunning Frequency and Dunning Interval .....................637
Grace Days for Line Items and Minimum Numbers of Days in Arrears for Accounts......................638
Dunning Levels .............................................................640
Notes on Grace Days and Days in Arrears....................641
Special Features for Dunning Using Dunning Levels ....642
Company Code-Specific Specifications: Figure.............643
Dunning Levels: Additional Specifications.....................644
Dunning Levels and Days In Arrears .............................645
Charges and Interest .....................................................646
Minimum Amounts and Dunning Level Determination ..648
Selection of Transactions for Dunning...........................649

Entering Grace Days and Minimum Days in Arrears.....650
Dunning Areas .651
Defining Different Dunning Procedures for Dunning Areas .............................................................653
Defining One Dunning Procedure for Dunning Areas....654
Assigning Line Items to Dunning Areas.........................655
Dunning Blocks and Dunning Keys.....................................656
Special Functions in Dunning..............................................657
Dunning Credit Memos ..................................................658
Grouping Open Items Under Grouping Keys.................659
Cross-Company Code Dunning.....................................660
Legal Dunning Proceedings...........................................661
Local Dunning ...............................................................662
Dunning One-Time Accounts.........................................663
Customer and Vendor Clearing .....................................664
Alternative Dunning Recipient........................................665
Editing Dunning Proposals ...................................................666
Displaying Lists 667
Editing Dunning Proposals..................................................668
Displaying Sample Printouts ...............................................670
Displaying Logs671
Issuing Dunning Notices .......................................................672
Dunning Forms.673
Form Components .........................................................675
Letter Header, Sender, and Footer - Dunning Notices ..677
Windows In The Dunning Form: Page 1........................679
Text Elements in the MAIN Window - Dunning Notices 680
Text Elements for the HEADER Window.......................681
Data from the Dunning Run for the Form Printout.........682
Sample Dunning Form...................................................683
Sorting Dunning Notices, Dunning Lists, and Open Items ..............................................................685
Modifying the Forms ......................................................686
Printing Dunning Notices.....................................................687
Special G/L Transactions: Down Payments and Payment Guarantees..............................................688
Special G/L Transactions: Overview ....................................689
The Basic Principles of Special G/L Transactions ..............690
What are the Different Types of Special G/L Transactions?.................................................................692
Statistical Postings........................................................693
Noted Items.694
Defining the Posting Procedure .....................................695
Posting Keys and Special G/L Indicators............................696
Displaying Special G/L Transactions ..................................698
Adjusting Special G/L Transactions ....................................699
Special G/L Accounts.....................................................700
Specifications for Posting Key and Special G/L Indicator................................................................701
Automatic Postings ........................................................702
Down Payment Requests ......................................................703
Special Features of Down Payment Requests ...................705

Entering and Posting a Down Payment Request................706
Entering a Down Payment Request with Cash Discount.................................................................708
Correcting Line Items and Entering New Items .............709
Reversing a Down Payment Request .................................710
Displaying a Down Payment Request.................................711
Changing a Down Payment Request..................................712
Payment Requests.............................................................713
Down Payments...714
Processing Down Payments in the R/3 System .................716
Posting Down Payments .....................................................717
Special G/L Accounts for Down Payments .........................718
Integrating Other Applications.............................................719
Down Payments and Tax ....................................................720
Transferring Postings for Down Payments .........................724
Clearing Down Payments....................................................725
Down Payments and Cash Discount ..................................727
Down Payments and the Dunning Program........................729
Down Payments and Credit Limits......................................730
Net or Gross Display of Down Payments............................731
Entering and Posting Down Payments ...............................733
Posting a Down Payment Without a Down Payment Request ........................................................734
Posting a Down Payment with a Down Payment Request ..............................................................736
Other Functions: Down Payments .................................737
Processing Down Payments ...............................................739
Clearing a Down Payment Using the Payment Program.................................................................740
Clearing a Down Payment Manually..............................742
Clearing a Down Payment After Making a Transfer Posting ...........................................................743
When Do You Make Transfer Postings for Down Payments?.........................................................744
Making Transfer Postings of Down Payments and Posting Tax......................................................745
Canceling the Payment Block........................................747
Transfer Posting of a Down Payment After Paying a Closing Invoice.............................................748
Clearing Down Payment Open Items Manually.............749
Down Payments and Cash Discount .............................750
Reversing a Down Payment................................................751
Displaying a Down Payment ...............................................752
Changing a Down Payment ................................................753
Guarantees...........754
Processing Guarantees in the R/3 System .........................755
Clearing Accounts ..............................................................756
Payment Guarantees Made and Received.........................757
Posting a Guarantee Made............................................758
Reversing a Guarantee Made........................................759
Posting a Guarantee Received......................................760
Reversing a Guarantee Received..................................761
Entering and Posting a Guarantee ................................762
Reversing a Guarantee..................................................763
Displaying a Guarantee .................................................764
Changing a Guarantee...................................................765

Creating Own Special G/L Transactions..............................766
Correspondence and Internal Evaluations ..........................768
Correspondence Types .........................................................769
How to Create Correspondence............................................772
Cross-Company Code Correspondence..............................773
Requesting Correspondence ................................................774
Requesting Payment Notices via the Customer Master Record...........................................................775
Requesting Payment Notices Within Open Item Processing................................................................776
Creating Periodic Account Statements for Customers .......777
Requesting Account Statements and Open Item Lists During Document or Account
Processing........778
Requesting Internal Documents and Document Extracts Within a Function ........................................779
Requesting Correspondence Using the General Function .780
Individual Texts ...781
Entering Individual Texts.....................................................783
Editing Correspondence Requests ......................................784
Printing Correspondence ......................................................785
Printing Correspondence With the Request Program.........787
Printing Payment Notices....................................................788
Printing Account Statements and Open Item Lists .............789
Printing Internal Documents Without a Request.................790
Printing Periodic Account Statements.................................791
Printing Statements of Bill of Exchange Charges ...............792
Repeating the Print Run......................................................793
Internal Evaluations ..............................................................794
Closing Operations for Accounts Receivable and Accounts Payable ...............................................795
Carrying Forward Balances...................................................796
Balance Confirmation ............................................................799
Balance Confirmations: Prerequisites.................................801
Printing Balance Confirmations...........................................802
Grouping Customers and Vendors ................................804
Creating a Head Office and Branch Index .....................805
Evaluating Replies .............................................................806
Printing Reminders.............................................................807
Transferring and Sorting Receivables and Payables .........808
Sorting by Remaining Term ................................................810
Customers in Credit and Vendors in Debit..........................812
Changes to the Reconciliation Account ..............................813
Transfer Postings and Sorting.............................................815
Value Adjustment 816
Individual Value Adjustment................................................817
Flat-Rate Valuation Adjustment ..........................................819
Flat-Rate Individual Value Adjustments and Discounts ......820
Foreign Currency Valuation ..................................................821
Valuation Methods .............................................................823
Valuating Foreign Currency Balance Sheet Accounts........824
Valuation of Open Items in Foreign Currencies..................826
Displaying Valuation Differences ...................................829
Currency Translation..........................................................830

Document Reconciliation ......................................................832
Document Reconciliation ......................................................834
Customer-Vendor Relationship ............................................835
Parameters for Document Reconciliation............................836
Carrying Out Document Reconciliation ...............................837
Financial Information System (FI) ........................................839
Financial Information System ...............................................840
Generating Evaluations for Customers and Vendors .........841
Defining Grouping Criteria...................................................842
Defining Evaluation Levels..................................................843
Creating and Displaying Evaluations ..................................845
Selecting Evaluations....................................................846
Generating Evaluations in the Background ...................847
Displaying Evaluation Results........................................848
Defining an Initial Position ........................................849
Functions in the Drilldown Lists ................................850
Displaying the Due Date Analysis..................................852
Displaying Payment History...........................................854
Displaying Currency Analysis ........................................856
Displaying Overdue Items..............................................858
Displaying DSO Analysis ...............................................859
Displaying Terms Offered/Terms Taken Evaluations ....860
Changing the Data Volume............................................862
Customizing the Accounts Receivable and Payable Information System .........................................863
Creating Evaluation Views ..................................................864
Creating and Changing a Selection Variant for the Data Retrieval Program........................................865
Maintaining Evaluation Types .............................................867
Defining Evaluations ...........................................................868
Creating and Changing a Selection Variant for the Evaluation Program..............................................869

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